Psychological Vulnerability and Self-Efficacy of Adolescents with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Psychological vulnerability and self-efficacy

Zahra Yari; Fatemeh Mahdavi-Nia; Hoor Sadat Balaghi; Fatemeh Ali-Mohammadlou

doi:10.22122/ijbmc.v11i2.532

Authors

Zahra Yari
zahra.yarii46@gmail.com
Department of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Chaloos Branch, Chaloos, Iran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Fatemeh Mahdavi-Nia Department of Islamic Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Naein Branch, Naein, Iran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Hoor Sadat Balaghi Department of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran, Iran, Islamic Republic of
Fatemeh Ali-Mohammadlou Department of Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Chaloos Branch, Chaloos, Iran, Iran, Islamic Republic of

Vol 11, No 2 (2024)

Quantitative Study(ies)

Accepted August 19, 2023

Published March 2, 2024

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Background: Along with the negative effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms on individuals, various psychological factors are thought to be associated with these symptoms. The aim of the current study was to compare psychological vulnerability and self-efficacy in teenagers with or without ADHD syndrome.

Methods: This study was conducted using comparative method. The statistical population comprised all the first-grade middle school students of Karaj City, Iran, in 2018 (n = 100). A total of 100 people (50 people with ADHD by referring to Alborz Health Counseling Center and 50 normal people by referring to the first secondary school in Karaj) were selected and tested by a convenience sampling method. To collect data, Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C) and Symptom Checklist-25 (SCL-25) were administered. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used at the level of descriptive statistics, as well as multiple regression, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent t-tests. The analysis was conducted using SPSS software.

Results: Based on the results, f values observed regarding obsessive-compulsive (F = 20.01, P = 0.001), depression (F = 19.48, P = 0.001), anxiety (F = 8.74, P = 0.001), morbid phobia (F = 5.58, P = 0.001), and psychosis (F = 19.06, P = 0.001) were significant at the level of P ≥ 0.05. Therefore, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the symptoms of the above mental disorders. Moreover, social (F = 8.05, P = 0.001), educational (F = 2.700, P = 0.001), and emotional (F = 9.42, P = 0.001) self-efficacy were significant at the level of P ≥ 0.05.

Conclusion: According to the results, self-efficacy and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with ADHD are lower than in normal adolescents. Since inefficiency and mental damage can bring problems in the later stages of development, it is suggested that schools focus more on the extracurricular and collective activities of students.

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Yari Z, Mahdavi-Nia F, Balaghi HS, Ali-Mohammadlou F. Psychological Vulnerability and Self-Efficacy of Adolescents with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Psychological vulnerability and self-efficacy. Int J Body Mind Cult. 11(2):136–146.

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Psychological Vulnerability and Self-Efficacy of Adolescents with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder